- reads systemic impacts
- impact should be a discrete solvable harm
- capital punishment, immigration detention etc
- most people say its a productof big things
- racism, xenophobia
- only plan solves harm
- popular with legal plans
- what
- adopt and ethical fw
- ontological
- current > future lives
- not liable for other peoples actions
- probability risk of existention is infinity
- parallysis
- can't solve small problems
- somettimes have ev saying neg inflated probability
- framing
- soft left affs go for this
- only probability
- ethics
- how we should act
- as long as what we do is ethical
- impact defence
- risk assesment
- diversify thumper arguments
